THE NANKING MASSACRE: Fact Versus Fiction
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| - | <br> | + | <br> Nevertheless, in The Battle for Asia, published in 1941, Edgar Snow wrote the following. Imo ("sister") is a literary word for "dear one"--an intimate term that a man uses to refer to his beloved; Kogo dai jiten (1983) 454. Issa married in Fourth Month, 1814; he wrote this haiku that same year in Seventh Month. Added to a noun, -meku is equivalent to the modern endings -rashii and no yô ni naru (-like); Kogo dai jiten (1983) 1609. Here, Issa uses the past tense -meki keri. With arms and legs spread wide, the poet's body forms the Japanese character "big" (dai no ji)--the first word in the Japanese text of this poem. The Japanese critic, Maruyama Kazuhiko, favors the latter reading; see Issa haiku shû (1990; rpt. Issa suggests that it's too cold for Kumasaka's lookout tonight: the only thing in the tree are its pine nuts (matsu no mi). Normally, when a project nears its end, only the finishing touches are require<br>p><br>p> The evacuation order prompted an onrush of penniless souls who remained in the city, or who had evacuated its outskirts, into the Safety Zone. Zone in which there had been very little destruction by stray shells … In Issa's time "the mountains of Echigo" would have been synonymous with a cold place in the north. The flowers have been plucked by someone--perhaps Issa. In a similar haiku of 1817 Issa falls spread eagle to enjoy the cool air of the air. In a later revision (1821) he changes the tree's height to less than one foot. In a haiku written a year later (1815), oil gushes from the farmer's digging. I will join the party a little later. Shinji Ogawa notes that Issa may be punning with the word shiraga ("white hair"), which sounds like shiranu ("do not know"). Literally, Issa only tells us that the person sleeps "like Kannon." I have added the word "peaceful" to my translation in an attempt to capture his image: a face with no earthly cares in the shade of the w<br><br>r>> Instead, the response to that question was Chiang’s appeal to his compatriots for a war of resistance. State Department criticized Japan only on the Panay Incident and the incident where Consul John Allison was beaten. I will let you know at the shop when I see it. I will introduce an exercise to solve the problem you currently have. Bates did not claim to have seen 40,000 corpses. The blooming is implied in the Japanese, not stated. In this haiku, Issa puns on the word "plum." The old woman with the blooming plum tree has a face wrinkled like a "pickled plum" (umeboshi). Shinji Ogawa suggests that the beggar is in fact Issa. Demons and Buddhas arise from the same stuff and both are, essentially, illusions: wisps and billows of steam. Both the Elderly/Those with underlying diseases and those meeting them should take special care with infection measures on both sides. Furthermore, machine guns were aimed at the Japanese by Chinese soldiers protected by impregnable concrete pillbox<br>br>In order to receive them, residents were required to appear in person at registration sites designated by the Japanese military. Therefore, we may assume that the 127th Brigade order was issued at the same time as the 128th Brigade order, i.e., at about noon. When the Japanese issued their final warning, a final attempt to stave off hostilities in Nanking was being made within the city. To ignore official records of the situation in Nanking after it was occupied by the Japanese . To my ears, this doesn't sound as natural and as idiomatic, in English, as Issa's original text sounds in Japanese. In this case, a mean one comes out ahead. In any case, the nu in the verb haidashinu ("crawl out") does not make the action negative; it indicates perfect tense in a literary expression. Issa shortens the expression to fui to. Two versions of the middle phrase appear in Issa zenshû (1976-79): hotto shita yara (1.229) and botto shita yara (3.296). Following the second reading, some translators of this haiku (myself included) have the blossoms blush. In an undated revision he starts this haiku with the phrase, sakura hana ("cherry blossoms"). 20 As Durdin indicated in his December 9th dispatch from Nanking, this scorched-earth strategy, this burning of entire cities and towns to the ground, was a defensive tactic used by the Chinese military but, militarily, it was inef<br>br>. |
